PRINCIPLE OF LANGUAGE TEACHING

“Language teaching is an essential aspect of communication and learning. The principles of language teaching provide the foundational frameworks that guide educators in effectively imparting language skills to students. These principles are crucial in shaping how languages are taught and learned, focusing on not just grammar and vocabulary, but also the cultural and contextual usage of language. In this article, we explore the key principles of language teaching, their significance, and the best practices for fostering effective language acquisition. Whether you’re a teacher or a student, understanding these principles can enhance the language learning experience and contribute to greater fluency and confidence in communication.” 

1 PRINCIPLE OF NATURALNESS (स्वाभाविक)

• Language learning should happen in a natural way 
• language teaching should start orally 
• correct pronunciation should be taught
• grammar should be taught inductively (EXAMPLE TO RULE)

mother tongue is acquired naturally through natural process 

the same process should be followed in teaching a second language 

2 PRINCIPLE OF IMITATION (अनुकरण) 

• imitation is an important principle of language learning 
• a good speech is a result of good imitation 
• imitation + practice = mastery of language 
• the learners imitate the teacher therefore the teacher must be correct in his use of grammar, spelling and pronunciation 

3 PRINCIPLE OF REPETITION (दोहराना)

• repetition is the mother of learning 
• repetition is one the basic techniques of language learning 
• habits are formed through repetition 
• things often repeated are best remembered 
• it is the duty of the teacher to apply the concept of repetition in the process of learning 

4 PRINCIPLE OF LEARNING BY DOING (ACTIVITY) (करके सीखना)

•  in a traditional classroom learners are passive recipients (निष्क्रिय प्राप्तकर्ता) of information Now the concept of teaching has changed from teacher centric to learner centric 
• the teacher must try to make learners involved in various type of activities 

5 PRINCIPLE OF LINKING WITH LIFE (जीवन के साथ जोड़ना)

• language should be tought in real life situations 

6 PRINCIPLE OF MOTIVATION AND INTEREST (रुचि)

• learners don’t have an innate (जन्मजात) interest in the learning of language 
• the teacher must try to create interest among them
• it is the teacher’s duty to create an environment in which the learners feel motivated 

7 PRINCIPLE OF HABIT FORMATION (आदत निर्माण)

• habit formation is a process by which a behavior through regular repetition become automatic 
• language learning is a matter of habit formation 
• the teacher must ensure (निश्चित) that the learners from good language habit 
• mistake should be avoided as they become bad habit 

8 PRINCIPLE OF SELECTION (चयन) AND GRADATION (क्रमबद्ध)

• language items/ material should be selected before being tought 
• gradation of language items mean placing them in a an order 
• selection of language items is done in respect of  –
  • vocabulary 
  • grammatical items
  • structures 
• selection of language items should be done on the basis of
  • usefulness (उपयोगिता) 
  • simplicity (सरलता)
  • productivity (उत्पादकता)
  • teachability (पढ़ाने योग्य)

9 PRINCIPLE OF GROUPING 

• language items should be grouped 
• types of grouping
  • vocabulary items 
  • phonetic grouping –
    • it is done on the basis of similarity in pronunciation 
    • can, man, fan, pan 
    • book, took, look, hook
    • sit, hit, chit 
  • semantic grouping –
    • language items are grouped on the basis of similarity in meaning 
    • synonyms, antonyms 
    • vocabulary items belonging to the same class
      • colour – blue, red, black 
      • animal – dog, cat, horse  

अन्य अंग्रेजी विधियों के नोट्स – Communicative Learning Teaching यहाँ क्लिक करे